• Cash
Money available immediately, such as in checking accounts, is the most liquid of all short-term assets.
• Accounts receivables
This is money owed to the business for purchases made by customers, suppliers, and other vendors.
• Notes receivables
Notes receivables that are due within one year are current assets. Notes that cannot be collected on within one year should be considered long-term assets.
3. Fixed assets
Fixed assets include land, buildings, machinery, and vehicles that are used in connection with the business.
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• Buildings
Buildings are categorized as fixed assets and are depreciated over time.
• Office equipment
This includes office equipment such as copiers, fax machines, printers, and computers used in your business.
• Machinery
This figure represents machines and equipment used in your plant to produce your product. Examples of machinery might include lathes, conveyor belts, or a printing press.
• Vehicles
This would include any vehicles used in your business.
• Total fixed assets
This is the total dollar value of all fixed assets in your business, less any accumulated depreciation.
4. Total assets
This figure represents the total dollar value of both the short-term and long-term assets of your business.
5. Liabilities and owners’ equity
This includes all debts and obligations owed by the business to outside creditors, vendors, or banks that are payable within one year, plus the owners’ equity. Often, this side of the balance sheet is simply referred to as “Liabilities.”
• Accounts payable
This is comprised of all short-term obligations owed by your business to creditors, suppliers, and other vendors. Accounts payable can include supplies and materials acquired on credit.
• Notes payable
This represents money owed on a short-term collection cycle of one year or less. It may include bank notes, mortgage obligations, or vehicle payments.
• Accrued payroll and withholding
This includes any earned wages or withholdings that are owed to or for employees but have not yet been paid.
• Total current liabilities
This is the sum total of all current liabilities owed to creditors that must be paid within a one-year time frame.
• Long-term liabilities
These are any debts or obligations owed by the business that are due more than one year out from the current date.
• Mortgage note payable
This is the balance of a mortgage that extends out beyond the current year. For example, you may have paid off three years of a fifteen-year mortgage note, of which the remaining eleven years, not counting the current year, are considered long-term.
• Owners’ equity
Sometimes this is referred to as stockholders’ equity. Owners’ equity is made up of the initial investment in the business as well as any retained earnings that are reinvested in the business.
• Common stock
This is stock issued as part of the initial or later-stage investment in the business.
• Retained earnings
These are earnings reinvested in the business after the deduction of any distributions to shareholders, such as dividend payments.
6. Total liabilities and owners’ equity
This comprises all debts and monies that are owed to outside creditors, vendors, or banks and the remaining monies that are owed to shareholders, including retained earnings reinvested in the business.
